{"id":94793,"date":"2016-05-23T16:09:54","date_gmt":"2016-05-23T21:09:54","guid":{"rendered":"\/news\/?p=94793"},"modified":"2024-09-20T12:31:16","modified_gmt":"2024-09-20T17:31:16","slug":"abortions-bans-centered-fetal-pain-based-factually-solid-ground","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/archive.liveaction.org\/news\/abortions-bans-centered-fetal-pain-based-factually-solid-ground\/","title":{"rendered":"Analysis: Abortions bans centered on fetal pain based on &#8220;factually solid ground&#8221;"},"content":{"rendered":"<div style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;\" class=\"sharethis-inline-share-buttons\" ><\/div><div id=\"attachment_12370\" style=\"width: 239px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-12370\" decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-12370\" src=\"https:\/\/www.liveactionnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/02\/20-weeks-human-fetus-681x1024.jpg\" alt=\"Preborn child at 20 weeks gestation, or 22 weeks LMP - a new standard of viability, where the child can live outside the womb.\" width=\"229\" height=\"344\" srcset=\"https:\/\/archive.liveaction.org\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/02\/20-weeks-human-fetus-681x1024.jpg 681w, https:\/\/archive.liveaction.org\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/02\/20-weeks-human-fetus-199x300.jpg 199w, https:\/\/archive.liveaction.org\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/02\/20-weeks-human-fetus.jpg 800w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 229px) 100vw, 229px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-12370\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Preborn child at 20 weeks gestation.<\/p><\/div>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The legislatures of Utah and South Carolina recently passed bills concerning abortions at 20 weeks after fertilization. This is the <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.justfacts.com\/abortion.asp#Science\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">stage of development<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> shown in the photograph on the right.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Before performing abortions, the <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/le.utah.gov\/~2016\/bills\/static\/SB0234.html\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Utah bill<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> requires physicians to anesthetize or give a painkiller to the \u201cunborn child\u201d once he or she reaches 20 weeks. The <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.scstatehouse.gov\/query.php?search=DOC&amp;searchtext=%22Pain%20Capable%20Unborn%20Child%20Protection%20Act%22&amp;category=LEGISLATION&amp;session=121&amp;conid=8208088&amp;result_pos=0&amp;keyval=1213114&amp;numrows=10\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">South Carolina bill<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> bans abortions from this point forward. Utah\u2019s governor has signed the bill into law, and South Carolina\u2019s governor has stated she will sign it. Both of the bills contain exceptions for the life of the mother or if she has a \u201cserious risk\u201d of \u201cirreversible\u201d harm to \u201ca major bodily function.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p><!--more--><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">According to the text of these bills, \u201csubstantial medical evidence\u201d indicates that developing humans can feel pain by 20 weeks. This conclusion is supported by the following facts from medical journals and textbooks:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">By 7 weeks, pain \u201csensory receptors appear in the perioral [mouth] area.\u201d\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u2013 <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.nejm.org\/doi\/full\/10.1056\/NEJM198711193172105\"><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">New England Journal of Medicine<\/span><\/i><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">By 10 weeks, \u201cAll components of the brain and spinal cord are formed, and nerves link the stem of the brain and the spinal cord to all tissues and organs of the body.\u201d\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u2013 <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/store.elsevier.com\/product.jsp?locale=en_AU&amp;isbn=9780122269707\"><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Encyclopedia of Human Biology<\/span><\/i><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">By 12 weeks, \u201cElectrical activity of the nervous system is discernible\u201d and \u201cattempts to suckle\u201d are observed \u201cin utero and in aborted fetuses.\u201d\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u2013 <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/store.elsevier.com\/product.jsp?locale=en_AU&amp;isbn=9780122269707\"><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Encyclopedia of Human Biology<\/span><\/i><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">By 14 weeks, \u201climb movements \u2026 become coordinated.\u201d<br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u2013 <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.amazon.com\/Before-Are-Born-Essentials-Embryology\/dp\/0721673775\/ref=sr_1_1\/177-1779272-8256045?s=books&amp;ie=UTF8&amp;qid=1463841936&amp;sr=1-1&amp;keywords=9780721673776\"><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Before We Are Born: Essentials of Embryology and Birth Defects<\/span><\/i><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">By 14 weeks, preborn humans exhibit conscious \u201cmotor planning\u201d and \u201csocial behavior.\u201d\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u2013 <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.plosone.org\/article\/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0013199\"><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">PLoS ONE<\/span><\/i><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">By 14 to 22 weeks, \u201ca physiological fetal reaction to painful stimuli\u201d occurs.\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u2013 <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/338146\"><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Fetal Diagnosis and Therapy<\/span><\/i><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">By 18 weeks, pain sensory receptors spread to \u201call cutaneous [skin] and mucous surfaces,\u201d and the cerebral cortex (the portion of the brain responsible for higher functions like reasoning and language) has the same number of nerve cells as a full-grown adult.\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u2013 <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.nejm.org\/doi\/full\/10.1056\/NEJM198711193172105\"><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">New England Journal of Medicine<\/span><\/i><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">By 18 to 20 weeks, the human fetus \u201celaborates pituitary-adrenal, sympatho-adrenal, and circulatory stress responses to physical insults.\u201d\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u2013 <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/anesthesiology.pubs.asahq.org\/article.aspx?articleid=1944707\"><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Anesthesiology<\/span><\/i><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">By 20 weeks, the fetus \u201cnow sleeps and wakes and hears sounds.\u201d\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u2013 <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.worldcat.org\/title\/american-medical-association-complete-medical-encyclopedia\/oclc\/49619800\"><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">American Medical Association Complete Medical Encyclopedia<\/span><\/i><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">These scientific facts collectively show that by 20 weeks, humans have pain receptors, consciousness, and physical responses to painful events.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Nevertheless, many media outlets have recently reported that humans cannot feel pain by 20 weeks. This includes but is not limited to the <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2016\/05\/05\/us\/utah-abortion-law-fetal-anesthesia.html\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">New York Times<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, the <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.latimes.com\/nation\/la-na-utah-abortion-20160510-20160509-snap-story.html\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Los Angeles Times<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.cnn.com\/2016\/03\/29\/health\/utah-abortion-law-fetal-pain\/index.html\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">CNN<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.slate.com\/blogs\/xx_factor\/2016\/05\/18\/south_carolina_passed_a_20_week_abortion_ban_and_is_considering_a_so_called.html\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Slate<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, and the <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.thedailybeast.com\/articles\/2016\/05\/19\/how-south-carolina-is-turning-abortion-lies-into-law.html\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Daily Beast<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. To support this claim, all of these outlets cited a single paper published by the <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Journal of the American Medical Association<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">JAMA<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">) <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/jama.jamanetwork.com\/article.aspx?articleid=201429\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">in 2005<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Neglecting the <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.co.uk\/editorialguidelines\/guidelines\/impartiality\/news-current-affairs-factual-output\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">journalism standard<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> to \u201cmake it clear to the audience\u201d when sources \u201care associated with a particular viewpoint,\u201d none of the outlets mentioned that at least three of the <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">JAMA<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> paper\u2019s five authors have been involved in the abortion industry, including:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/usatoday30.usatoday.com\/news\/health\/2005-08-24-fetal-pain-bias_x.htm\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Susan J. Lee<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, the lead author of the paper, who worked as a lawyer for the National Abortion and Reproductive Rights Action League, which is now known as NARAL Pro-Choice America.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/bixbycenter.ucsf.edu\/fs\/bios\/drey-eleanor.html\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Eleanor A. Drey<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, the medical director of an <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ucsfhealth.org\/clinics\/womens_options_center\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">abortion clinic<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2008\/02\/10\/magazine\/10Fetal-t.html\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Mark Rosen<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, the last author of the paper, who worked in an abortion clinic. (In biomedical research, the <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC1769438\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">last author<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u201cis assumed to be the driving force, both intellectually and financially, behind the research.\u201d)<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">These media outlets also violated <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/asne.org\/content.asp?pl=236&amp;sl=19&amp;contentid=335\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">journalism ethics<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, which require them to not omit \u201cfacts of major importance or significance.\u201d They did this by failing to reveal that the <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">JAMA<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> paper\u2019s central argument was refuted by medical journals less than two years after it was published. The authors of the paper declared that \u201cfetal perception of pain is unlikely before the third trimester\u201d because:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cpain is a psychological construct\u201d that requires \u201cconscious perception.\u201d<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">there can be no \u201cconscious recognition or awareness\u201d until there are functional connections from pain receptors to the brain\u2019s cortex.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">these connections don\u2019t \u201cbegin appearing\u201d until \u201c23 to 30 weeks\u2019 gestational age.\u201d (This equates to 21 weeks to 28 weeks <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.justfacts.com\/abortion.asp#Science\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">after fertilization<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.)<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Debunking the above, a <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/iasp.files.cms-plus.com\/Content\/ContentFolders\/Publications2\/PainClinicalUpdates\/Archives\/PCU_XIV-2_June2006_Rev_Mar2012_1390263724028_20.pdf\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">2006 article<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> in the journal <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Pain: Clinical Updates <\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">documented through \u201cmultiple lines of evidence\u201d that the \u201ckey mechanisms\u201d of consciousness and pain perception \u201care not dependent\u201d on the cortex. Consistent with this fact, the authors determined that pain perception begins in the \u201csecond trimester\u201d and \u201cwell before the third trimester of human gestation.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Likewise, a <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/journals.cambridge.org\/action\/displayAbstract?fromPage=online&amp;aid=1007572&amp;fulltextType=RA&amp;fileId=S0140525X07000891\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">2007 paper<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> in the journal <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Behavioral and Brain Sciences<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> showed that children born with little or no cortex (a condition called hydranencephaly):<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201care conscious,\u201d \u201cawake,\u201d \u201coften alert,\u201d and \u201cshow responsiveness to their surroundings in the form of emotional or orienting reactions to environmental events.\u201d<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cexpress pleasure by smiling and laughter, and aversion by \u2018fussing,\u2019 arching of the back and crying.\u201d<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">behave so normally that they \u201cmay initially present no conspicuous symptoms,\u201d and \u201coccasionally the condition is not diagnosed until several months postnatally, when developmental milestones are missed.\u201d<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Concluding, the author noted that these findings have \u201cramifying implications for issues in medical ethics,\u201d including \u201cpain management in children\u201d who lack a cerebral cortex.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">False arguments aside, the vast weight of scientific evidence indicates that preborn humans can feel pain by 20 weeks or earlier. While this does not rise to the level of 100% certainty, it rests upon factually solid ground.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Like many media outlets, some prominent \u201cfact checkers\u201d have also misled the public about this issue, including <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.justfactsdaily.com\/media-promotes-junk-science-on-fetal-pain\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">FactCheck.org<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and the <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/newsbusters.org\/blogs\/dustin-siggins\/2015\/06\/06\/ringside-seat-fact-checker-avoiding-reality-fetal-pain\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Washington Post\u2019s Fact Checker<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.justfacts.com\/james.d.agresti.asp\"><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">James D. Agresti<\/span><\/i><\/a><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> is the president of <\/span><\/i><a href=\"http:\/\/www.justfacts.com\/\"><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Just Facts<\/span><\/i><\/a><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, a nonprofit institute dedicated to researching publishing verifiable facts about public policy.<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The legislatures of Utah and South Carolina recently passed bills concerning abortions at 20 weeks after fertilization. This is the stage of development shown in the photograph on the right. Before performing abortions, the Utah bill requires physicians to anesthetize or give a painkiller to the \u201cunborn child\u201d once he or she reaches 20 weeks. [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":240,"featured_media":85837,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false},"categories":[15,20722],"tags":[1106,473,6010,916,1854],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v20.7 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Analysis: Abortions bans centered on fetal pain based on &quot;factually solid ground&quot;<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"The vast weight of scientific evidence shows preborn humans feel pain by 20 wks or earlier. 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